Risk of More Fractures
Factors associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis-related fractures
- Low calcium intake
- Immobilization
- Low body mass index
- High salt, cola, or caffeine intake
- Vitamin D insufficiency
- Inadequate physical activity
- Smoking
- Alcohol (>3 drinks/day)
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Lupus
- Ankylosing sponylitis
- Androgen insensitivity
- Hyperprolactinemia
- Ovarian failure
- Autoimmune hepatitis
- Alcoholic cirrhosis
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Type 1 diabetes
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Hypothyroidism
- Celiac disease
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- GI surgery, gastric bypass
- Anticoagulants (heparin)
- Anticonvulsants
- Immunosuppressants
- Lithium
- Glucocorticoids (>5mg/d prednisone or equivalent for >3mo)
- Aromatase inhibitors
- Barbiturates
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists
How Will I Know If I Have Osteoporosis?
But once your bones have been weakened by osteoporosis, you might have signs and symptoms.